RBAC (Control de Acceso Basado en Roles)

// RBAC Implementation
class RBACManager {
  constructor() {
    // Define roles and their permissions
    this.roles = {
      'admin': {
        permissions: ['*:*'], // Superuser
        description: 'Full system access'
      },
      'editor': {
        permissions: [
          'read:articles',
          'write:articles',
          'publish:articles',
          'read:comments',
          'moderate:comments'
        ],
        description: 'Content editor'
      },
      'author': {
        permissions: [
          'read:articles',
          'write:own-articles',
          'read:comments'
        ],
        description: 'Content author'
      },
      'viewer': {
        permissions: [
          'read:articles',
          'read:comments'
        ],
        description: 'Read-only access'
      },
      'moderator': {
        permissions: [
          'read:*',
          'delete:comments',
          'ban:users'
        ],
        description: 'Community moderator'
      }
    }

    // Role hierarchy (optional)
    this.hierarchy = {
      'admin': ['editor', 'moderator', 'author', 'viewer'],
      'editor': ['author', 'viewer'],
      'author': ['viewer']
    }
  }

  // Check if user has required role
  hasRole(user, requiredRole) {
    if (!user.roles) return false
    return user.roles.includes(requiredRole)
  }

  // Check if user has any of required roles
  hasAnyRole(user, requiredRoles) {
    if (!user.roles) return false
    return requiredRoles.some(role => user.roles.includes(role))
  }

  // Get all permissions for a user based on their roles
  getUserPermissions(user) {
    const permissions = new Set()

    if (!user.roles) return permissions

    user.roles.forEach(roleName => {
      const role = this.roles[roleName]
      if (role) {
        role.permissions.forEach(perm => permissions.add(perm))
      }

      // Include inherited permissions via hierarchy
      const inheritedRoles = this.hierarchy[roleName] || []
      inheritedRoles.forEach(inheritedRole => {
        const inherited = this.roles[inheritedRole]
        if (inherited) {
          inherited.permissions.forEach(perm => permissions.add(perm))
        }
      })
    })

    return permissions
  }

  // Check if user has specific permission via their roles
  hasPermission(user, requiredPermission) {
    const userPermissions = this.getUserPermissions(user)

    // Check direct match
    if (userPermissions.has(requiredPermission)) {
      return true
    }

    // Check wildcard permissions
    const [action, resource] = requiredPermission.split(':')

    return (
      userPermissions.has('*:*') ||
      userPermissions.has(`${action}:*`) ||
      userPermissions.has(`*:${resource}`)
    )
  }

  // Assign role to user (with validation)
  assignRole(user, roleName) {
    if (!this.roles[roleName]) {
      throw new Error(`Invalid role: ${roleName}`)
    }

    if (!user.roles) {
      user.roles = []
    }

    if (!user.roles.includes(roleName)) {
      user.roles.push(roleName)
    }
  }

  // Remove role from user
  removeRole(user, roleName) {
    if (user.roles) {
      user.roles = user.roles.filter(role => role !== roleName)
    }
  }
}

// Middleware for role-based authorization
const rbac = new RBACManager()

function requireRole(roleName) {
  return (req, res, next) => {
    if (!req.user) {
      return res.status(401).json({ error: 'Unauthorized' })
    }

    if (!rbac.hasRole(req.user, roleName)) {
      return res.status(403).json({
        error: 'Forbidden',
        message: `Required role: ${roleName}`
      })
    }

    next()
  }
}

function requireAnyRole(...roleNames) {
  return (req, res, next) => {
    if (!req.user) {
      return res.status(401).json({ error: 'Unauthorized' })
    }

    if (!rbac.hasAnyRole(req.user, roleNames)) {
      return res.status(403).json({
        error: 'Forbidden',
        message: `Required one of: ${roleNames.join(', ')}`
      })
    }

    next()
  }
}

// Usage in routes
app.get('/api/articles',
  requireAnyRole('viewer', 'author', 'editor', 'admin'),
  async (req, res) => {
    const articles = await db.articles.findAll()
    res.json(articles)
  }
)

app.post('/api/articles',
  requireRole('editor'),
  async (req, res) => {
    const article = await db.articles.create(req.body)
    res.json(article)
  }
)

app.delete('/api/users/:id',
  requireRole('admin'),
  async (req, res) => {
    await db.users.delete(req.params.id)
    res.status(204).send()
  }
)

// Dynamic RBAC with database
class DynamicRBAC {
  async getRolePermissions(roleName) {
    // Fetch from database instead of hardcoded
    const role = await db.roles.findOne({ where: { name: roleName }})
    return role?.permissions || []
  }

  async createRole(name, permissions, description) {
    return await db.roles.create({
      name,
      permissions,
      description,
      createdAt: new Date()
    })
  }

  async updateRolePermissions(roleName, permissions) {
    await db.roles.update(
      { permissions },
      { where: { name: roleName }}
    )

    // Invalidate permission cache
    await this.invalidatePermissionCache(roleName)
  }

  async assignRoleToUser(userId, roleName) {
    await db.userRoles.create({
      userId,
      roleName,
      assignedAt: new Date()
    })

    // Audit log
    await auditLog.log({
      action: 'role_assigned',
      userId,
      roleName,
      timestamp: new Date()
    })
  }
}